The preventive activity, which aims to improve the health of the entire population, takes an important place in the medical profession. Counseling, physical examinations, prophylactic medical examinations and health service are considered as the main types of the preventive activities. Objective; to study the situation about smoking in Russia and Latvia, to develop methods of prevention in the different target audiences. Material and Methods. The authors used the original questionnaire containing eight questions that allowed them to clarify the attitude of the respondents concerning the problem of smoking. Results. Sociological research (50 respondents from different cities of Russia and Latvia, 52% of men 48% of women, different age groups from 16 to 58 years) showed the urgent need for ongoing preventive work among the nicotine active population. Conclusion. The analysis of data led to the conclusion on the addition of female smokers, lowering of the "first cigarette" age and the increase smoker index. The study has been carried out to develop a model of conversation about the dangers of smoking, taking into account the target audience.
Strode А.А., Prokofyeva L.P. The model of prophylactic conversation on health effects of smoking // Saratov Journal of Medical Scientific Research, Vol. 10, Issue 4, 2014, pp. 681-683

Purpose. The purpose is to study the reaction of homeostasis system in stable and in distraction llizarov transosseous ostesysnthesis of the limbs bones at experimental animals (dogs) in highland conditions. Material and Methods. 63 adult mongrels aged from 1 to 3 years with 10-20 kg body weight and 15 cm minimal length of tibia were included in the experiment. Open osteosotmy of tibial mid-shaft followed by Kirschner wires insertion through tibial bone and llizarov frame assembly comprising 3 or 4 rings was performed under IV anaesthesia at 3200 m altitude above sea level. In experimental group including 33 mongrels the distraction was performed on the 5th day after osteotomy by 1 mm rate divided into 4 times within 10 days but in control group comprising 30 dogs the distraction was not provided. Every 10 days after distraction blood samples were taken in both groups to examine coagulation; the samples were taken from subcutaneous lateral tibial vein, ex tempora mixing with 3,8% solution of sodium citrate at 9:1 ratio. Then the plasma was separated and examined biochemically according to the accepted standards. Results. We obtained the data witnessing activation of coagulation component of homeostatic system in stable osteosynthesis of the limb bones using llizarov fixator with simultaneous inhibition of fibrinolytic component. In distraction osteosynthesis hyper-coagulation trend in homeostasis system with simultaneous suppression of fibrinolytic blood activity is vividly defined within the entire experiment period. Conclusion. Transosseous distraction osteosynthesis in highland condition causes considerable shifts in the system of homeostasis with definite domination of coagulation component which promotes formation of pre-thrombotic condition. Limb segment lengthening on the background of pre-thrombotic condition increases the risk of thromboembolic complications in highland conditions and requires appropriate measures of prophylaxis
Yerokhin A.N., Isakov B.D., Jumabekov S.A. Peculiarities of homeostatic system in highland conditions using llizarov distraction transosseous osteosynthesis method // Saratov Journal of Medical Scientific Research, Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2012, pp. 308-312

There are various protection measures against rockfalls. An embankment is effective in rockfall hazard mitigation at a dangerous slope end. The slope rockfall tests on full-scale embankments have been carried out. These embankments are made of sandy soil reinforced with geogrids. The cushioning layers which are made of geocells filled with crushed stones of 5-13 mm in diameter are also placed on the mountain side of the embankment. A boulder, i.e., RC block rolls down the test-site slope, and hits against the embankment. A new system of measuring instruments is employed in order to evaluate the impact force and the impact energy. One of important observations is a possibility that a rolling boulder carries it toward the top of an embankment because of its rolling momentum. The experimental results, especially the relationship between impact force and impact energy is discussed in this paper.

In the present research a comparison of two techniques of transosseous fixation of pertrochanteric fracture has been drawn. By way of example linear relocations of fragments have been measured in 8 biodummies (femurs of cows) in two groups through three series of loadings along the long axis of a femur with a step of 490 N from 980 up to 2940 N. The specific load in the range of 16,08±0,65 N/sm2 — 16,32±0,065 N/sm2 causes linear fragment dislocation within 0,13±0,016 mm — 0,08±0,03 mm. Compressive variant of osteosynthesis improves stability of biomechanical system "a bone-fixator" 3-4 times as much
A.P. Barabash, A.G. Rusanov, О A. Kauts Comparative Characteristics Of Linear Displacement Of Proximal Femoral Department Fragments In Transosseous Fixation. Saratov Journal of Medical Scientific Research // Saratov Journal of Medical Scientific Research, Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2009, pp. 399-403