В статье предлагаются и анализируются новые понятия: «ноосферный каркас городов» (крупные города, связанные в специфическую иерархию в пределах бассейнов крупных рек и обеспечивающие устойчивое развитие близлежащих территорий) и «экологические столицы» бассейнов рек (горо-да, координирующие деятельность ноосферного каркаса городов). Немало-важным фактором определения экологической столицы должно стать ме-стоположение города в бассейне реки (предпочтение следует отдавать го-родам в нижнем течении, где экологические проблемы проявляются более контрастно). Предложены экологические столицы для 41 крупной реки мира, 28 крупных рек России, обсуждается схема ноосферного каркаса городов и экологическая столица для бассейна реки Волги. В условиях глобализации та-кой подход может оказаться конструктивным для создания механизмов до-стижения устойчивого развития. The article suggests and analyzes new concepts: «noospheric framework of cities» (i.e., large cities connected into a specific frame within the basins of large rivers thus ensuring a sustainable development of the adjoining territories) and «the environmental capitals» in the river basins (the cities coordinating activity of the noospheric frames of the cities). An important factor fordetermining the «environmental capital» should be the location of a city in the river basin (the preference should be given to the cities in the lower reaches, where environmental problems are more contrasting). The environmental capitals for 41 major rivers of the world and 28 major rivers of Russia are proposed, the scheme of «noospheric» city framework and the ecological capital for the Volga river basin are discussed. In the context of globalization, this approach can be constructive in terms of creating mechanisms for achieving sustainable development. Подробнее https://www.socionauki.ru/journal/articles/1263376/

Предметом исследования является формирование целей устойчивого развития (УР) в связи с принятием новой Повестки дня в области устойчивого развития на период до 2030 г. Новые глобальные цели УР, продолжая ЦРТ, включают 17 целей в области устойчивого развития и 169 связанных с ними задач. Автор поставил задачу показать, что УР как будущая новая форма развития цивилизации с самого начала имела «целевую ориентацию» и предполагала осознание и постановку целой иерархии целей, необходимых для становления эффективного глобального управления. В перспективе глобальное развитие в своей «антропогенной» составляющей должно будет реализовывать цели и принципы УР, которые будут уточняться с каждым новым этапом реализации этого типа социоприродной эволюции. В работе используются комплексные эволюционно-исторический, социоприродный и системно-деятельностный подходы, а также методы концептуального моделирования и исследования будущего, в особенности ноосферно-футурологический подход, который ориентирует междисциплинарный научный поиск на использование нормативного прогнозирования и «целевое формирование» движения к глобальной устойчивости. Установлено, что УР представляется в качестве наиболее приемлемого и безопасного типа социоприродной эволюции, направленной на сохранение цивилизации и биосферы, их сосуществование и коэволюцию. Причем глобальное развитие станет устойчивым развитием, если оно будет целесообразно и рационально управляемым в общепланетарном масштабе, что позволит уменьшить или даже элиминировать многие негативные тенденции и последствия. Определены экзистенциальные цели УР, связанные с выживанием и существованием человечества, а также с сохранением окружающей природной среды. Автор также аргументирует положение о том, что концепция УР должна кардинально трансформироваться в «глобальном измерении» и уже не может ограничиться «целевой триадой» взаимосвязи экономики, экологии и социальной сферы, во всяком случае, в ее современном представлении. Указывается, что в России осознается еще одна, пусть пока и отдаленная, но весьма важная в концептуально-теоретическом ракурсе стратегическая и глобальная цель «устойчивого перехода» – становление ноосферы. The subject of the study is the formation of sustainable development (SD) paradigm in connection with the adoption of a new agenda for sustainable development for the period up to 2030. The new global goals of SD continuing MDGs include 17 targets for sustainable development and 169 related tasks. The author aims at showing that the future of SD as a new form of civilization from the very beginning had a ‘target orientation’ and involves awareness and setting a whole hierarchy of goals required for the establishment of effective global governance. In the future, global development in its ‘human’ component should be the objectives and principles of sustainable development, which will be refined with each new step in implementing this type of socio-natural evolution. We use complex evolutionary, historical and system-activity approach, as well as the methods of conceptual modeling and studies of the future, especially the noospheric and futurological approach that directs the interdisciplinary scientific research to use normative forecasting and ‘target formation’ to the global sustainability movement. The author found that SD is presented as the most appropriate and safe type of socio-natural evolution, aimed at preserving civilization and biosphere, their co-existence and co-evolution. And global development becomes sustainable development if it is reasonable and rationally managed on a planetary scale thus, reducing or even eliminating many negative trends and consequences. He also defines the existential goal of SD related to survival and existence of humankind, as well as preserving environment. The author argues that the SD concept must be radically transformed into a ‘global dimension’ and can no longer be limited to the currently known ‘target triad’ of connecting economy, ecology, and social sphere. It is pointed out that in Russia they recognize another albeit remote, but very important in the conceptual and theoretical terms global strategic goal of ‘sustainable transition’ – to the formation of the noosphere.

Environmental assessment of the business and state of the environment includes the analysis of air, water, minerals, land, flora
and fauna. In the analysis presented: Trend in total emissions (discharges) of pollutants, the dynamics of emissions (emissions) by type
of pollutants, the comparison of the actual concentration of pollutants from the maximum allowable, comparison of actual emissions
(emissions) with the limit values. It also covers education indicators, waste and emissions, water use and wastewater indicators,
education indicators, utilization, distribution, use in production waste utilization rates of land and mineral resources.
A.V. Temirkanova SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS IN SOCIAL, ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC SYSTEM REGION // The Russian Academic Journal, Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2014, pp. 0-0

The article is devoted to research the degree and nature of influence of the effect of urbanization on the sustainability of
complex socio-ecological-economic development of the area big cities. The historical and economic assessment is given, ecological
factors are studied, qualitative and quantitative parameters of the phenomenon of the urbanization are considered. Based on the
requirements of modern legal documents and data analysis the principles are generalized and the directions of formation of favorable
conditions for sustainable development of social, ecological and economic environment on the large cities are defined.
A.D. Murzin INFLUENCE OF THE URBANIZATION ON STABILITY DEVELOPMENTS LARGE CITIES // The Russian Academic Journal, Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2014, pp. 0-0

The article describes the basic concepts of risk management in Russia, homed in on a systematic approach to risk management, integration with
the overall management of the organization in order to achieve competitive advantage and sustainable development in a global instability.
P.A. Fedirko, A.I. Chalova Risk management as a tool for sustainable development of an organization // The Russian Academic Journal, Vol. 25, Issue 3, 2013, pp. 0-0

In the recreational region environment possesses specific natural resources (curative climate, various types of mineral water, medical dirt, picturesque landscapes) which satisfy to interests of the major national project – the “Health”, raising demand of the population for recreational services (resort treatment, tourism, improving rest). The satisfaction of the specified interests of society mentions, at least, two forms of interaction of society and the nature: economic and ecological. The first - is directed on use, consumption, nature transformation for ensuring economic interests of society, and the second - expresses ecological interests of society in pure, healthy, productive and multi-purpose surrounding environment, as biological basis for satisfaction of requirements of society in recreational services therefore this article is devoted to topical issues.
V.F. Zhuravel Principles of environmental management in the recreational region // The Russian Academic Journal, Vol. 25, Issue 3, 2013, pp. 0-0

Creating conditions in order to overcome negative consequences of downturn in the real economic sector, update industry and develop more prosperous competitive agglomerations is proved to be an extremely urgent problem for the most Russian Federation regions. Applying cluster approach in organizational policy implemented by regional authorities is one of possible means to solve problems referred above. Supporting sustainable development and strong economic growth using innovative methods of regional competitiveness is one of the prerequisite to form industrial complexes based on cluster technologies. Both traditional and new propulsion industries could serve as a base for formation of industrial complexes. Activization of processes mentioned above results in formation of the investment and innovative systems in regions, reduction of terms connected with adoption of innovations into production, more efficient usage of the recourse potential of a region, different forms of the public-private partnership.

Water self-purification [1-7] is an important example of ecosystem services. This function of aquatic ecosystems is necessary for sustainable development, and for sustainable use of aquatic resources (water resources), as well for environmental safety. The analysis made by the author in a published paper (Ostroumov, 2008) [8] showed that aquatic ecosystem (both marine and freshwater one) features a multi-component molecular-ecological mechanism for upgrading water quality. In other words, it is a multi-component, multi-process biomachinery for water quality formation and self-purification. The biomachinery includes the following items: (1) sources of energy for self-purification mechanisms, (2) the major taxa of living organisms as components of the biomachinery; (3) the biomachinery contains the functional blocks that perform functions of filters, mills, and pumps. A set of six principles was formulated. Experiments that the author carried out demonstrated how several types of chemical pollutants may produce damage to this delicate and very useful biomachinery which makes water clean. The experiments demonstrated that some chemical pollutants decreased important and useful functions of aquatic invertebrate animals which contribute to purification of water. We have found that the chemical pollutant as diverse as synthetic surfactants, detergents, salts of Cd, Cu, Pb, Hg, Co, Ti, V (Na3VO4 •12 H2O), and oil hydrocarbons inhibited water filtration by bivalve molluscs, the marine mussels (the Latin name of the mussels: Mytilus galloprovincialis). One of the practical conclusions is that we now see another aspect of important hazard from the low, sublethal concentrations of the chemicals that pollute the aquatic environment. Not only death of aquatic organisms, but also even a decrease of their functional activity in polluted aquatic ecosystems poses some danger and risk to the water system. The potential hazard of those low levels of the chemical pollutants is that the potential of the ecosystem to purify water will be decreased. As a final result, in future we may have water of worse quality. This theory presented in [8-12] may be of interest to scientists and specialists in the following fields: aquatic ecology, water science, environmental toxicology and chemistry, ecotoxicology, and water resource management. References. 1. L. M. Sushchenya, Quantitative Parameters of Crustacean Nutrition (Nauka i Tekhnika, Minsk, 1975). 2. A. F. Alimov, Principles of the Theory of Aquatic Ecosystem Functioning (Nauka, St. Petersburg, 2000). 3. R. G. Wetzel, Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems (Academic Press, San Diego, 2001). 4. Yu. A. Izrael and A. V. Tsyban’, Anthropogenic Ecology of the Ocean (Gidrometeoizdat, Leningrad, 1989). 5. T. I. Moiseenko, Izv. Akad. Nauk. Ser. Geogr. 6, 68 (1999). 6. D. G. Matishov and G. G. Matishov, Radiational Ecological Oceanology (Kola Research Center, Apatity, 2001) . 7. Abakumov V. A., Ecological Studies, Hazards, Solutions, No. 11, 34 (2006). 8. Ostroumov S. A. Basics of the molecular-ecological mechanism of water quality formation and water self-purification. - Contemporary Problems of Ecology, 2008 (Feb), Vol. 1, No. 1, p. 147-152. [ISSN 1995-4255 (Print) 1995-4263 (Online); DOI 10.1134/S1995425508010177; http://www.springerlink.com/content/e380263154u73045/; http://www.researchgate.net/file.FileLoader.html?key=e533be77c87735c6dcc5cfdb9db96cec; 9. Ostroumov S. A. Doklady Biological Sciences, 2000. Vol. 374, P. 514-516; 10.Ostroumov S. A. DAN 2004, 396: 136-141; 11. Ostroumov S. A. On the Multifunctional Role of the Biota in the Self-Purification of Aquatic Ecosystems // Russian Journal of Ecology, Vol. 36, No. 6, 2005, pp. 414–420 (in English); Publisher: MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica co-published with Springer Science + Business Media, Inc. ISSN: 1067-4136 (Paper) 1608-3334 (Online); Ekologiya, No. 6, 2005, pp. 452–459 (in Russian); 12. Ostroumov S. A. Biotic self-purification of aquatic ecosystems: from the theory to ecotechnologies. - Ecologica International, 2007. 15(50), p.15-23;

Contemporary Problems of Ecology, 2008, Vol. 1, No. 1, p. 147-152. http://scipeople.com/publication/99105/; Water self-purification is an important example of ecosystem services. This function of aquatic ecosystems is necessary for sustainable development, and for sustainable use of aquatic resources (water resources), as well for environmental safety. The analysis made by the author in a published paper (Ostroumov, 2008) showed that aquatic ecosystem (both marine and freshwater one) features a multi-component molecular-ecological mechanism for upgrading water quality. In other words, it is a multi-component, multi-process biomachinery for water quality formation and self-purification. The biomachinery includes the following items: (1) sources of energy for self-purification mechanisms, (2) the major taxa of living organisms as components of the biomachinery; (3) the biomachinery contains the functional blocks that perform functions of filters, mills, and pumps. The experiments that the author carried out demonstrated how several types of chemical pollutants may produce damage to this delicate and very useful biomachinery which makes water clean. The experiments demonstrated that some chemical pollutants decreased important and useful functions of aquatic invertebrate animals which contribute to purification of water. We have found that the chemical pollutant as diverse as synthetic surfactants, detergents, salts of Cd, Cu, Pb, Hg, Co, Ti, V (Na3VO4 •12 H2O), and oil hydrocarbons inhibited water filtration by bivalve molluscs, the marine mussels (the Latin name of the mussels: Mytilus galloprovincialis). One of the practical conclusions is that we now see another additional aspect of important hazard from the low, sublethal concentrations of the chemicals that pollute the aquatic environment. Not only death of aquatic organisms, but also even a decrease of their functional activity in polluted aquatic ecosystems poses some danger and risk to the water system. The potential hazard of those low levels of the chemical pollutants is that the potential of the ecosystem to purify water will be decreased. As a final result, in future we may have water of worse quality. This may be of interest to the scientists and specialists in the following fields: aquatic ecology, water science, environmental toxicology and chemistry, ecotoxicology, and water resource management. The reference to the paper where this analysis was published: Ostroumov S. A. Basics of the molecular-ecological mechanism of water quality formation and water self-purification. - Contemporary Problems of Ecology, 2008 (Feb), Vol. 1, No. 1, p. 147-152. [ISSN 1995-4255 (Print) 1995-4263 (Online); DOI 10.1134/S1995425508010177; http://www.springerlink.com/content/e380263154u73045/; http://www.researchgate.net/file.FileLoader.html?key=e533be77c87735c6dcc5cfdb9db96cec;

Программа дисциплины «Сохранение биоразнообразия для устойчивого развития» (тип курса: Вузовский компонент; год обучения: 6; семестр: 11; количество зачетных единиц: 5). Авторы программы: проф. С.М. Малхазова, проф. Н.Н. Дроздов, с.н.с. В.В. Неронов. В кн. : Инновации в географическом и экологическом образовании / Ред. академик Н.С. Касимов. М.: Издательство Московского университета, 2007, стр. 79 – 90. (Серия: Инновационный университет, председатель научно-редакционного совета серии академик В.А. Садовничий, заместитель председателя проф. А.М. Салецкий). В список основной литературы включены книги: Яблоков А.В., Остроумов С.А. «Охрана живой природы»; «Уровни охраны живой природы», а также книга «Биология охраны природы» (перевод с англ. яз. С.А. Остроумова). Program of the course "Conservation of Biodiversity for Sustainable Development" (type of course: higher education component, year of study: 6; semester: 11; number of credits: 5). The authors of the program: Prof. S.M. Malhazova, Prof. N.N. Drozdov, senior researcher V.V. Neronov. In : Innovation in Geographical and Environmental education / Ed. Academician N.S. Kasimov. Moscow: Moscow University Publishing House, 2007, p. 79 - 90. (Series: Innovating University, Chairman of the Scientific Editorial Board of the series Academician V.A. Sadovnichy, deputy chairman Prof. A.M. Saletsky). The list of recommended literature included the books: Yablokov A.V., Ostroumov S.A. "Conservation of Living Nature," "Levels of conservation of Living Nature", as well as the book "Conservation Biology "(translated from English by S.A. Ostroumov). Программа дисциплины, «Сохранение биоразнообразия для устойчивого развития», географическое и экологическое образование, «Охрана живой природы»; «Уровни охраны живой природы», «Биология охраны природы», университетское образование, преподавание; Key words: Program of the course, curriculum, Conservation of Biodiversity, Sustainable Development, higher education, Geographical and Environmental education, Conservation of Living Nature, "Levels of conservation of Living Nature", Conservation Biology, Academician V.A. Sadovnichy,