В статье исследуется важная методологическая проблема, актуализированная в парадигмальных рамках социоестественной истории (СЕИ): как процессы формирования и трансформации этнической собственности на землю влияют на характер межэтнических отношений в соответствующем вмещающем ландшафте. На примере истории Кашмира XIII–XX вв. (Кашмирская долина, княжество Джамму и Кашмир) проводится анализ развития межнациональных и межконфессиональных конфликтов, происходивших вследствие нарушения естественных прав определенных этносов на их ландшафты. Целью исследования является выработка более глубокого понимания истоков и сущности Кашмирского конфликта, основанного на использовании современного исторического, историко-политического, этнографического и этноконфессионального знания принципиально нового уровня. Существо конфликта, согласно исследованию автора, определяется совокупностью исторически сложившихся и обострившихся в период британского владычества противоречий между конфессионально и этнически различными группами автохтонного населения Кашмира. The article considers the important methodological problem foregrounded in the paradigmatic framework of socionatural history (SNH): how the processes of formation and transformation of ethnic land property affect the character of interethnic relations in a certain accommodating landscape. By the example of Cashmir history between the 13th and 20th centuries (The Kashmir Valley, the Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir), the author analyzes the development of interethnic and interconfessional conflicts which occurred due to the violation of natural rights of certain ethnic groups to its landscape. The aim of this research is to develop a deeper understanding of the origin and nature of the Kashmir conflict based on the use of modern historical, political, ethnographical and ethnoconfessional knowledge at a fundamentally new level. The nature of the conflict, according to the author, is determined by the complex of contradictions between confessionally and ethnically different groups of autochthonous population of Kashmir which historically formed and escalated during the British rule. Подробнее https://www.socionauki.ru/journal/articles/1018732/

Modern man is inclined to making comparison of various body parts in living or in cadaver for research and knowledge purpose. Political scientists, Joshi and Rose, broadly classify the Nepalese population into three major ethnic groups in terms of their origin: Indo-Nepalese (IND), Tibeto-Nepalese (TN) and Indigenous (IN). This study will provide a data base of facial measurements that will help maxillo-facial surgeons with wide range of facial dimensions which would be helpful in facial reconstruction surgery. The main objectives of this study were to find effect of ethnicity on prosopic index and to compare among both sexes of all ethnic races. The experimental protocol for the cross sectional study was approved by Institutional Ethical Review Board. This study was conducted in normal healthy pure ethnic racial population of sample size of 600 (300 male and 300 female) belonging to17-26 age group in Sunsari and Morang districts of Eastern Nepal. The data was collected among each ethnic race, i.e. Indgenous, Indo-Nepalese and Tibeto-Nepalese each consisting of 200 individuals (100 males and 100 females). Random sampling technique was done for data collection for the respective ethnic races during community visits. The participants were initially oriented to the purpose of the study and assured that anonymity would be maintained. The results showed highly significant difference in face length (FL), face width (FW) and prosopic index (PI) among both sexes of all 3 ethnic races (p<0.001). The mean PI of people of Eastern Nepal was 88.80; for males 88.47 and for females 89.12 respectively categorised as Mesoprosopic. The PI among Tibeto-Nepalese, Indigenous and Indo-Nepalese were 86.91±0.93 (Mesoprosopic), 88.40±1.18 (Mesoprosopic) and 91.09±0.69 (Leptoprosopic) respectively. Indo-Nepalese presents with long face (Leptoprosopic) while Indigenous and Tibeto-Nepalese have and round face (Mesoprosopic).
Sandip Shah, Laxman Khanal, Sarun Koirala, Soumya Chakraborty Bhattacharya The study of Prosopic index of 17-26 year old normal population in Eastern Nepal: Ethnic and gender variation // Russian Open Medical Journal, Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2015, pp. 0-0

The nasal index measurement is one of the methods anthropologists have used to differentiate living race and subspecies of man. Ethnic influences can result in different appearances of the nose and can be found in many shapes and sizes. A total number of 1000 healthy people (500 males and 500 females) aged between 25-45 years belonging to pure race of Tharu and Mongoloid communities were participated in the study. The nasal index was calculated as (Nasal height / Nasal Breadth) × 100 and their significance was tested by Student t-test. Results — Nasal index among the Mongoloid male and female were 74.6 and 75.9 respectively and the Tharu male and female were 83.8 and 82.4 respectively (p<0.05). The result of this study revealed significant difference in Nasal index and in Nasal height (P<0.05) of male and female of Tharu and Mongoloid ethnic races. The study revealed the racial as well as sexual dimorphism pattern in nasal ergonomics in this ethnic group. The sex and ethnicity had considerable effect nasal ergonomics related anthropometric measurements.
Sarun Koirala, Sandip Shah, Laxman Khanal Nasal index of the Tharu and Mongoloid population of Nepal: a cross sectional study // Russian Open Medical Journal, Vol. 3, Issue 3, 2014, pp. 302-0