Soft X-ray absorption (XAS) and emission (XES) spectroscopies were applied to determine valence states of manganese ions in nanostructured powder of halfdoped La0:5Ca0:5MnO3 manganite obtained by milling in a ball mill. XAS spectra were measured both in surfacesensitivity total electron-yield and in bulk-sensitivity total fluorescence-yield modes. O Ka XES and O 1s XAS spectra characterized the occupied and unoccupied partial O 2p densities of states are compared with band-structure calculations made using the TB-LMTO-ASA codes. Experimental Mn 2p, Ca 2p, and La 3d XAS spectra are compared with results of crystal field atomic multiplet calculations. For the nanostructured system of La0:5Ca0:5MnO3, concentrations of Mn4þ ions are found to be increased with increasing the time of milling.
DOI 10.1007/s00339-014-8774-8.

Nanostructured samples of yttrium iron garnet Y3Fe5O12 obtained by plastic deformation method (high-pressure torsion) were studied with help of soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy using Fe 2p and O 1s spectra. Experimental spectra were compared with crystal field multiplet calculations for Fe ions. Some amount of Fe2+ ions in nanostructured Y3Fe5O12 was found. The concentration of Fe2+ ions was found to be increased with the increase of the degree of plastic deformation.
Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena - 2012 - 185 (12) - 598-601.