A relationship between the energy distribution of particles and the analyzer output signal has been studied for energy-dispersive electrostatic spectrometers with a preretardation system consisting of diaphragms with round holes. The theoretical model is compared to the results of computer simulations and experimental data. A simple formula is proposed for reconstructing the true energy distribution at low values of the retarding ratio.
Technical Physics Letters, Volume 36, Number 5, May 2010 , pp. 454-456