The goal of the research is to estimate possibilities of MRT (magnetic resonance tomography) in diagnostics of a syringomyelia of a spinal cord and identifcation of early changes of bone and articulate system during syringomyelia. Radiological data of 37 patients were analysed. Syringomyelic osteoartropathy with the expressed irreversible changes in bone and articulate system was in 23 of all patients, in 14 patients tabic osteoartropathy. In the patience who had neurologic semiology. 11 patients had MR — research of a spinal cord, 7 patients were with a syringomyelia of a spinal cord, thus at the majority of patients single, homogeneous, hydatid in cervicothoracic part of a spinal cord, extent more than 2 centimeters with primary localization in sheyno chest department, 1 cerebellar ektopy (Arnold-Kiari syndrome), 3 cystic tumors of a spinal cord were revealed. The main method of instrumental diagnostics of syringomyelia is MRT at which the sizes, localization, extent and internal structure of a cavity in a spinal cord, a condition of subarakhnoidalny spaces of a spinal cord, and also the possible reasons of development of syringomyelia are available to an assessment.