/Мизинов Д.С., Крюков Ю.Ю..//Научный руководитель Храмова Ю.А../ГБОУ ВПО Саратовский ГМУ им. В.И. Разумовского Минздрава РоссииКафедра иностранных языковNeurosurgery of the 21st centuryIn the 21st century neurosurgery has reached absolutely new heights: contemporary neurosurgeons actively develop and utilize methods which can help to perform extremely complex brain and spinal cord surgery and effectively treat diseases that were previously considered beyond cure.Neurosurgeons actively develop new methods of operative treatment leading to formation of specialized branches of neurosurgery such as endovascular and stereotactic surgery. During the last few years, a completely new type of surgery, so called minimally invasive neurosurgery, has started to gain much prominence. This method allows to remove large and deep-seated tumors by using only keyhole surgery which became possible due to application of special neuroendoscopes.Recently, an opportunity for development and practical application of restorative or so called supportive neurosurgery via neural transplantation by using embryonic (or fetal) tissue has arisen. This method suggests using primary (stem) nerve cells of human or animal embryos to replace the tissue of various structures and bodies of brain and spinal cord which was damaged by trauma or as a result of a disease. According to experimental and even clinical data, cells of embryonic tissue transplanted as a result of surgery start their differentiation according to the place of transplantation, contact recipient’s neurons and are capable of performing the functions of the tissue they have been transplanted to. The future belongs to supportive neurosurgery as even now it is considered the most productive and promising method of treatment for both neurosurgical and neurological diseases of 21st century.Recently, Russian neurosurgeons started using the cold plasma method which helps to conduct very complex neurosurgeries. The cold plasma apparatus is equipped with special electrodes that are capable of dissecting bone tissue or removing paravertebral tissues during malignant tumor treatment. This method is especially important for brain surgeries.The future of neurosurgery lies in the improvement of methods of diagnostics and surgical approach described above.
Мизинов Д.С., Крюков Ю.Ю. Neurosurgery of the 21st century // Бюллетень медицинских Интернет-конференций, Vol. 5, Issue 12, 2016, pp. 1619-1619

There were presented historical data of life-sustaining activity of professor V. I. Razumovsky — a pioneer of Russian neurosurgery, who began to perform and then was performing systematically neurosurgical operations in the Kazan clinic under the guidance of outstanding neurologists V. M. Bekhterev and L. O. Darkshevich.
Sozinov A.S., Ismagilov M.F., Danilov V.I., Jakupov E.Z. Kazan period of life-sustaining activity of professor V.I. Ra-zumovsky — a pioneer of Russian neurosurgery // Saratov Journal of Medical Scientific Research, Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2012, pp. 365-368

Hypophysis adenomas are mostly spread in the chiasmatic cellular area. They account 18% of all new brain formations, the structure of pituitary adenomas includes prolactinomas in a large number of cases which are manifested by the syndrome of hyperprolactinemia and hormone inactive hypophysis tumours (35%). Somatotropins (13-15%) are lower in frequency, the main clinical feature is acromegalia. One can rarely reveal corticotropins (8-10%), gonadotro-pins (7-9%) and thyrotropins (1%) and their mixed forms. Transsphenoidal surgical interventions are considered to be methods of choice treatment of hypophysis adenomas and other formations in the chiasmatic cellular area. Alternative methods of treatment are conservative. They can be as an addition to microsurgery (radiotherapy)
Zhestikova M.G., Kan Ya.A., Sholomov I.I. Advanced methods of treatment of hypophysis adenoma // Saratov Journal of Medical Scientific Research, Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2011, pp. 112-114